The Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion (1563) are the foundational doctrinal statements of the Church of England and a historic standard for Anglican belief. They were shaped during the English Reformation under Elizabeth I to define a middle way between Roman Catholicism and Protestantism.
Here is a concise summary of their main points (under 300 words):
Authority of Scripture – The Bible contains all things necessary for salvation and is the final authority in matters of faith.
Creeds – The Apostles’, Nicene, and Athanasian Creeds are affirmed as true statements of Christian belief.
Sin and Salvation – Humanity is fallen and cannot save itself. Justification (being made right with God) is by faith alone, not by works.
The Church – The visible Church is the community where God’s Word is preached and the Sacraments are properly administered. Church authority is real but subject to Scripture.
Sacraments – Only two Sacraments are ordained by Christ: Baptism and the Lord’s Supper. They are effective signs of grace. Transubstantiation is rejected, and Christ’s presence in Communion is spiritual rather than physical.
Good Works – Good works follow faith but do not earn salvation.
Predestination – God’s predestination to life is affirmed as a source of comfort to believers.
Rejection of Certain Roman Doctrines – The Articles reject purgatory, indulgences, the invocation of saints, and certain medieval practices as lacking scriptural basis.
Church Practices – Worship may be conducted in a language understood by the people. Clergy may marry.
Civil Authority – The monarch has authority in earthly governance of the Church, but not in spiritual matters like preaching or administering sacraments.
Overall, the Articles define a Reformed yet episcopal Christianity rooted in Scripture and historic creeds.
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